Clara Lemlich Shavelson was a Jewish immigrant, garment worker, activist, mother, public speaker, and union organizer at a time when women in her position were rarely allowed formal education or the opportunity to speak in public.

Dr. Virginia Apgar persevered beyond early 20th-century barriers to women in medicine to become a leading anesthesiologist and the first female full professor at Columbia University.

Dr. Helen Brooke Taussig was a pioneering American cardiologist best known for developing the first successful open-heart surgery to treat "blue baby syndrome."