Dr. Virginia Apgar persevered beyond early 20th-century barriers to women in medicine to become a leading anesthesiologist and the first female full professor at Columbia University.

Dr. Helen Brooke Taussig was a pioneering American cardiologist best known for developing the first successful open-heart surgery to treat "blue baby syndrome."

A vocal leader of the 20th century women’s suffrage movement, Alice Paul advocated for and helped secure passage of the 19th Amendment.

Dr. Vera Rubin was an astronomer whose research proved the existence of dark matter.